This document specifies methods for the determination of major and minor element concentrations in solid recovered fuels after digestion by the use of different acid mixtures and by addition of a fluxing agent for solid recovered fuel (SRF) ash.

u000b

a) Method A: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and hydrofluoric acid mixture (6ml HCl; 2ml HNO₃; 2ml HF) followed by boric acid complexation;

u000b

b) Method AT: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (6ml HCl; 2ml HNO₃; 4ml HBF₄);

u000b

c) Method B: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and hydrofluoric acid mixture (0,5ml HCl; 6ml HNO₃; 1ml HF) followed by boric acid complexation;

u000b

d) Method BT: Microwave assisted digestion with hydrochloric, nitric and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (0,5ml HCl; 6ml HNO₃; 2ml HBF₄);

u000b

e) Method C: Microwave assisted digestion with nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and hydrofluoric acid mixture (2,5ml H₂O₂; 5ml HNO₃; 0,4ml HF) and optional boric acid complexation;

u000b

f) Method CT: Microwave assisted digestion with nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide and tetrafluoroboric acid mixture (2,5ml H₂O₂; 5ml HNO₃; 0,8ml HBF₄);

u000b

g) Method D: Digestion of the ashed SRF sample with fluxing agent lithium metaborate in an oven at 1050°C.

u000b

This document is applicable for the following major and minor/trace elements:

u000b

— Major elements: aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), silicon (Si) and titanium (Ti).

u000b

— Minor/trace elements: arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn).

u000b

Method A is applicable for general use for SRF and ashed SRFs, but the amount of the test portion can be very low in case of high concentration of organic matter. Method AT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary.

u000b

Method B with a higher volume of nitric acid is applicable for SRFs with high organic matter (e.g. suitable for high plastic content) that can be difficult to digest with less nitric acid or as a substitute for method A if appropriate equipment is not available. Method BT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary.

u000b

Method C with combination of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and addition of hydrofluoric acid is applicable for wood based SRFs (e.g. demolition wood) or when there is a need for comparability to solid biofuel standards. Method CT can be used if an alternative to HF is necessary.

u000b

Method D is specifically applicable for determination of major elements in ashed SRF samples.

u000b

XRF can be used for the analysis of major elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Si, Ti) after ashing (815°C) of the samples and several major and minor/trace elements in SRF can be analysed by XRF after suitable calibration provided that the concentration levels are above instrumental detection limits of the XRF instrumentation and after proper preliminary testing and validation.

u000b

Digestion methods with HF and subsequent boric acid complexation or application of method D are applicable for determination of Si and Ti (better digestion efficiency).

u000b

Alternative digestion methods can be applied, if their performance is proved to be comparable with those of the methods described in this document.

Product Details

Published:

04/01/2025

File Size:

1 file , 3 Bytes

Note:

This product is restricted and cannot be purchased in the following countries Ukraine, Russia, Belarus