Full Description

Red water in drinking water systems is a primarytarget of consumer water quality complaints, yet noexisting model of iron release in distribution systemshas adequately addressed the complexities of ironsources and release mechanisms, influences of variousphysicochemical and biological factors, pipe age andmaterial, and the mix of corrosion products released.In this research, experiments designed to investigatethe flux constant were conducted on hybrid and single-materialpipelines. Red water in the distribution systemwas found to be a function of water chemistry andhydraulic conditions and not controlled by corrosionand dissolution processes.The mathematical and pilot-scale zero-order fluxmodel introduced here can be used to calculate and predictiron concentration under any given pipe system,water chemistry, and hydraulic condition. It also can helputilities identify areas of a distribution system that arelikely to be problematic as well as those conditions thatare conducive to the production of red water. Includes 25 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. 99 - No. 1 Published: 01/01/2007 Number of Pages: 10File Size: 1 file , 390 KB