Full Description

This project tests the capability of a two-stage reverse osmosis (RO)/electrodialysis (ED) processto achieve high recovery (95 percent) for membrane desalination of Colorado River water. Inorder to overcome the high-energy consumption of ED membranes at elevated salinity levels,Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has recently developed low-resistivity nanoporous EDmembranes. The nanoporous ED membranes have pore sizes ranging from 6 to 16 nm, resultingin ion "double-layer overlap" inside the ED pores. The double-layer overlap allows forpreferential rejection of targeted solutes by modifying the ED membrane pore size for a givenionic strength. This paper discusses how nanoporous ED membranes can be used torecover concentrate that is supersaturated with respect to various salts from a primary RO unit. Includes 5 references, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 03/01/2007 Number of Pages: 6File Size: 1 file , 700 KB