Full Description

This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of brine minimizationand zero liquid discharge (ZLD) at 97% recovery and brine minimization technologies. Pilot study objectives were to: determine realistic flux rates, limiting factors,fouling tendencies, and process stability oftwo parallel reverse osmosis (RO) processes;demonstrate it is feasible to eliminate liquiddischarges to receiving waters from inlandmembrane treatment systems; and,demonstrate that brine minimization andZLD technologies are compatible with typicalmunicipal water treatment plant (WTP) operations. Softening and pH lowering of the LPRO concentrateprevents precipitation of supersaturated minerals in thehigh recovery RO spiral elements. Extensive chemical pretreatment to preventprecipitation of all minerals is not usuallyrequired in the VSEPTM process. The pilot study RO concentrate is representativeof many brackish groundwater supplies inColorado. Conclusions are given for high recovery RO, VSEP, ZLD overall cost implications, and salt crystallization. Includes tables, figures.

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Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 11/01/2009 Number of Pages: 23File Size: 1 file , 3.6 MB